These resistors offer several advantages over “commercial” resistors. First, all SOTA chip resistors are designed to maximize power and voltage handling. They are not designed to save material costs, like most “commercial” resistors. Second, the materials used are extensively tested for reliability and performance parameters. Most “commercial” resistors use the lowest cost materials available on the market; reliability is often not a consideration. Third, SOTA Standard Grade resistors are manufactured on the same line as the High Reliability and Military resistors. The record-keeping, Quality Systems, calibration systems, and operator training are shared with the Military and High Reliability product lines.